$A$ plano-convex lens fits exactly into a plano-concave lens. Their plane surfaces are parallel to each other. If the lenses are made of different materials with refractive indices $\mu_1$ and $\mu_2$ and $R$ is the radius of curvature of the curved surface of the lenses,then the focal length of the combination is:

An optical device is constructed by fixing three identical convex lenses of focal lengths $10 \,cm$ each inside a hollow tube at equal spacing of $30 \,cm$ each. One end of the device is placed $10 \,cm$ away from a point source. What is the image shift in $cm$ when the device is moved away from the source by another $10 \,cm$?

Four combinations of two thin lenses are given in List-$I$. The radius of curvature of all curved surfaces is $r$ and the refractive index of all lenses is $1.5$. Match lens combinations in List-$I$ with their focal length in List-$II$ and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists.

Two convex lenses of focal length $20\,cm$ each are placed coaxially with a separation of $60\,cm$ between them. The image of the distant object formed by the combination is at $...........\,cm$ from the first lens.

$A$ thin convex lens of focal length $5 \ cm$ and a thin concave lens of focal length $4 \ cm$ are combined together (without any gap) and this combination has magnification $m_1$, when an object is placed $10 \ cm$ before the convex lens. Keeping the positions of the convex lens and object undisturbed, a gap of $1 \ cm$ is introduced between the lenses by moving the concave lens away, which leads to a change in the magnification of the total lens system to $m_2$. The value of $\left|\frac{m_1}{m_2}\right|$ is . . . . . . .

$(a)$ Determine the 'effective focal length' of the combination of two lenses,a convex lens of focal length $30 \; cm$ and a concave lens of focal length $20 \; cm$,if they are placed $8.0 \; cm$ apart with their principal axes coincident. Does the answer depend on which side of the combination a beam of parallel light is incident? Is the notion of effective focal length of this system useful at all?
$(b)$ An object $1.5 \; cm$ in size is placed on the side of the convex lens in the arrangement $(a)$ above. The distance between the object and the convex lens is $40 \; cm$. Determine the magnification produced by the two-lens system,and the size of the image.